Those speech acts attending to the positive face want of a member are considered to be acts of positive politeness, including offer of friendship, compliments, showing direct interest, heartily expressions etc. These include emphasis of social distance, use of apologies, formal language, deference etc. Levinson (1983: 1) suggests that the use of the term pragmatics i s pioneered by the philosopher Charles Morris denoting a br anch of semiotics ( 1938). The Handbook of Pragmatics is a collection of newly commissioned articles that provide an authoritative and accessible introduction to the field, including an overview of the foundations of pragmatic theory and a detailed examination of the rich and varied theoretical and empirical subdomains of pragmatics. Speech Acts become acts of negative politeness when they match the negative face want of either the speaker or the addressee.
Positive face: the wish or desire to gain approval of others.
Negative face: the wish to be unimpeded by others in one’s actions. and Universiti de Paris DEIRDRE WILSON University College, London Pragmatics, the theory of utterance-interpretation, is a branch of cognitive psychology. Those aspects of language use that are crucial to an understanding of language as a system, and especially to an understanding of meaning, are the acknowledged concern of linguistic. There are two kinds of politeness strategies because there are two kinds of different faces that have to be distinguished: Cambridge University Press, Language Arts & Disciplines - 420 pages.
Face in the context of politeness describes the wish of every member of a community to guard his or her face from possible damage through social interferences (Compare: “To loose one’s face” etc.). There are many words that have different meaning, concept and reference. Their theory leads back to the term of “face” introduced by the sociologist Ervin Goffman. Keywords: Pragmatics, Deixis, Al-Qur’an English Translation INTRODUCTION According to Levinson, pragmatics study is about the relation between language and context which the relations are relevant to the meaning and the structure of language (Levinson, 1983).